Rich Holzapfel's work train pulling fines out of 223 pit (8/22/98). Fines are a byproduct of making ballast. They are the leftover small particles that you would call sand or D1. The ARRC uses them to build shoulders where the roadbed needs to be solidified. We dump the fines out of the air dump cars and then spread them level with the Jordan spreader #8.

Photo courtesy of Richard Holzapfel